Look to your Halabja dialect try backed by a n

c) The fresh east Jewish languages show multiple features: biggest stress (1), alter off [Theta] to at least one (4), reinterpretation from verb group given that figure (5), and you can reflexive pronouns based on nos- (17). Talking about areal have hence period the essential divide anywhere between Halabja to the one-hand and Koy Sanjaq and Azerbaijan towards the other. That isn’t clear where dialect all of them develop, but they are likely borrowed from just one on the someone else rather than passed on in keeping.

Such about three biggest clusters of isoglosses represent merely a small region of the facts and that’s taken to incur to your taxonomy of one’s NENA languages. Hoberman (1988, 573), having fun with evidence out-of pronouns, reveals the existence of a northern Iraqi dialect class (here portrayed from the Zakho, Tisqopa, and Aradhin) hence can’t be recognized according to the restricted studies showed right here. All it takes now could be each other heavier definitions of dialects currently noted, with the intention that more prevalent and you will pinpointing characteristics exists, and have now field-work to help you checklist the numerous languages which can be toward verge regarding extinction.

step 1 Thank you so much are caused by people who provided investigation and you can guidance, particularly Gene Gragg, Robert Hoberman, and you can Jo Rubba. Age.H. june stipend.

Including, f and you may g was chosen in terminology such as for example etrog ‘citron’ and you can sefer ‘scroll of your law’, where from the handed down Aramaic code f will have be p and you can grams might have gone away

step 3 Garbell (1964, 100-103) claims your audio system out of Jewish Azerbaiaic away from Kurdish. The lady number 1 proof for it ‘s the pronunciation out of Hebrew mortgage-terminology inside dialect. Hebrew loanwords in Jewish Azerbaijani hold specific musical which have been deleted otherwise combined with individuals regarding well-known Neo-Aramaic language. Garbell states these particular retentions prove why these Hebrew terms and conditions was in fact borrowed to begin with in Kurdish, hence several Kurdish audio system afterwards moved on to help you Neo-Aramaic. It seems more likely that the Hebrew elements in the dialect didn’t participate in the fresh new sound changes in concern because of the special spiritual register to which they fall-in. They might have changed following become recovered on the foundation of your conventional enunciation of neighboring communities.

4 An increasing + demonstrates that the next phrase try noticable for the suprasegmental function ’emphasis’ that’s receive somewhat in all NENA languages. Phonetically, stress was advanced, but their number one part was velarization, and is also tend to triggered by the current presence of the emphatic consonants t and you can s.

seven Regarding dialect out of Tyari [Theta] commonly gets s. This dialect, which was verbal before 1915 in a region away from Hakkari, is not talked about here as the material in it is actually decreased.

8 That isn’t clear if or not this form is available within the this new Halabja dialect. My personal informants from that point realized it, however, said it actually was much more characteristic of surrounding city of Suleimaniya. In any case, it’s unfamiliar regarding dialect of the Jews off Sanandaj.

9 Robert Hoberman indicates in my experience your NENA models can get now have originated in a keen unattested metathesized elizabeth[Theta]strip ezdi.

Boyarin, Daniel. 1981. From inside the Bono Homini Donum: Essays in the Historic Linguistics in the Recollections from J. Alexander Kerns, ed. Yoel L. Arbeitman and you may Allan R. Bomhard. Amsterdam Training about Idea and Reputation of Linguistic Science, series IV. Latest Activities inside the Linguistic Principle sixteen. Part II, 613-49. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

An inquiry for the Creation of one’s Center Aramaic Languages

Garbell, Irene. 1964. Flat Conditions and you may Syllables for the Jewish East The brand new Aramaic out of Persian Azerbaijan in addition to Continguous Districts (An issue of Multilingualism). In Education during the Egyptology and you may Linguistics in honor of H. J. Polotsky, ed. H. B. Rosen, 86-103. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration People.